Driver:Apollo

MAME Apollo Howto

Notes:

This manual applies to MAME 0.240
This manual only covers MAME features essential for running the Apollo emulation.
See the MAME Documentation for a full description of all MAME features.
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Running the Emulation

How to run the Apollo emulation

MAME will emulate one of the following Apollo workstations and servers:

MAME System	Apollo	Display
dn3500	DN3500	Color or 15" Monochrome
dn3500_19i	DN3500	19" Monochrome
dsp3500	DSP3500	Terminal
dn3000	DN3000	Color or 15" Monochrome
dn3000_19i	DN3000	19" Monochrome
dsp3000	DSP3000	Terminal
dn5500	DN5500	Color or 15" Monochrome
dn5500_19i	DN5500	19" Monochrome
dsp5500	DSP5500	Terminal

To run an emulation start MAME with one system and additional command line options, e.g.

$ ./mame dn3500 -window -nomax -mouse -log -disk1 <pathname>.awd -flop <pathname>.afd

Useful command line options:

Option	Description
-window	run MAME in a window (i.e. not in full screen mode)
-nomax	don't set the MAME window initially to the maximum supported size
-mouse	grab mouse input (for acceptable mouse emulation; use this option only for the DN3x00 emulation)
-sound none	turn off the keyboard beeper
-log	error messages will be logged in error.log
-disk1 <pathname>.awd	specify a Winchester disk image file
-disk2 <pathname>.awd	specify a second Winchester disk image file (i.e. w0:1)
-flop <pathname>.afd	specify a floppy disk image file
-ctape <pathname>.act	specify a cartridge tape image file
-ni <pathname>.ani	specify a node ID image file

Notes:

The boot ROMs must have been setup, before the Apollo emulation may be run (see below).
A disk image file with Domain/OS is essential for running the Apollo emulation (see below)
Make sure you understand how to ungrab the mouse before running MAME with option mouse (see below)
The DN3x00 emulation may be run without option -mouse (i.e. without grabbing the mouse), if you are willing to move the cursor with the arrow keys of the keyboard (works quite good, once you get used to it)
DN3x00 is being used as shorthand for DN3000 or DN3500 or DN5500; same for DSP3x00

How to run config

The Apollo emulation should be configured for proper operation.

To run config

switch the Apollo emulation into Service Mode (see below) and reset or restart the emulation
press Return (in the MAME window or in the Terminal window) until the MD version and prompt (">") are shown
enter ex config and wait
the current configuration will be shown; expect something similar to:

Config - Offline(7), revision 10.4, December 2, 1991  7:29:50 pm

       Current configuration

Memory:
       Board #  Size in megabytes
            1              4
            2              4
            3              4
            4              4
       Total configured memory: 16 megabytes

Node-id:       12345
Display type: DISP8C -- 1024x800x8 color display    
Peripheral devices: 
       FPU5 -- MC68881/MC68882
       FLP7 -- Floppy disk
       WINCHESTER CONTROLLER TYPE --  SMS/Omti                       
          WIN7 -- Winchester (controller 0  unit 0):  380MB--FA                
       CTAPE7 -- Cartridge Tape (QIC-II)
       ETH802.3_AT -- 802.3 Network Controller-AT (unit 0)

       Principal network: ETH802.3_AT -- 802.3 Network Controller-AT (unit 0)


Would you like to reconfigure this node (Y/N)?

enter n to quit or y to modify the configuration; the configuration will be saved in the NVRAM of the emulation.

How to run calendar

If the Winchester disk image hasn't been used for some time (14 days), it may be necessary to run calendar.

To run calendar

switch the Apollo emulation into Service Mode (see below) and reset or restart the emulation
press Return (in the MAME window or in the Terminal window) until the MD version and prompt (">") are shown
enter ex calendar and wait
enter w to select the Winchester disk
check and eventually change the timezone
check and eventually change date and time
confirm questions as appropriate and wait for the MD prompt to reappear

How to run salvol

If Domain/OS has crashed or has been aborted, it may be necessary to salvage the disk.

To run salvol

switch the Apollo emulation into Service Mode (see below) and reset or restart the emulation
press Return (in the MAME window or in the Terminal window) until the MD version and prompt (">") are shown
enter ex salvol and wait
enter w to select the Winchester disk
enter return to start salvaging of logical volume 1 with default options
confirm Anything more to do? with n and wait for the MD prompt to reappear

How to run dex

The Diagnostic EXecutive (dex) is a comprehensive diagnostic control system for diagnostic products in the offline environment.

To run dex

switch the Apollo emulation into Service Mode and set all other Driver Configuration values to Off (see below)
reset or restart the emulation
press Return until the MD version and prompt (">") are shown (in the MAME window or in the Terminal window)
enter ex dex and wait
enter help for more info
enter auto for full test (confirm errors with C or N)
expect the following tests to fail
- mem.dex Test 140: Parity Checker Test (emulation won't allow more the 40 parity error tests)
- cpu.dex Test 302: SIO keyboard port test (behavior is ok for DSP3x00, run test with option -nokb)
- disp.dex Test 20: Video SYNC Gen. Add. Test (not emulated for Monochrome graphics)
- ether.dex fails with: IEEE 802.3 network controller does not exist
  - FIXME: test is broken since mame0209
- win.dex Test 103: Format Bad Track Test (not emulated)
- win.dex Test 104: Assign Alternate Track Test may fail (not implemented)
- fpu.dex Test 2: General Instruction (many FPU operations and operands are not yet emulated)

How to run Domain/OS in the DN3x00 emulation

start the MAME emulation for dn3500 or dn3000 (resp. dn3500_19i or dn3000_19i) with option -mouse
make sure you understand how to ungrab the mouse (see below)
if Apollo emulation has been set to Normal Mode Domain/OS will boot without user intervention
if Apollo emulation has been set to Service Mode perform the following steps
- in the MAME window press Return until the MD version and prompt (">") are shown
- enter ex aegis (or ex domain_os) and wait until the bootshell prompt ")" appears
- enter go to load as in normal mode (or help for more info)
wait until the DM has been started and the DM screen is shown
login as user user with empty password (or -apollo- if the registry already has been created)
wait for the first pad to appear and then enter shell commands ...
see below for the mapping of the Apollo keyboard keys to the PC keyboard function keys
to logout press key [F1] to move the cursor into the command window and enter lo
to shutdown Domain/OS press key [F1] to move the cursor into the command window and enter shut

How to run Domain/OS in the DSP3x00 emulation

start the MAME emulation for dsp3500 or dsp3000 (w/o option -mouse)
if Apollo emulation has been set to Normal Mode Domain/OS will boot without user intervention
if Apollo emulation has been set to Service Mode perform the following steps
- in the MAME window or in the Terminal window press Return until the MD version and prompt (">") are shown
- enter ex aegis (or ex domain_os) and wait until the bootshell prompt ")" appears
- enter go to load as in normal mode (or help for more info)
wait until SPM and MBX Helper have been started
enter sh to start the login shell (or help for more info)
login as user user with empty password (or -apollo- if the registry already has been created)
wait for the shell prompt "$" and then enter shell commands ...
enter exit as shell command to logout
enter shut to shutdown Domain/OS

MAME Basics

How to stop the emulation

in the MAME window press [ScrLock] to switch your keyboard in partial emulation mode
press [Esc] to stop the emulation

see also Default Keys

How to reset the emulation

in the MAME window press [ScrLock] to switch your keyboard in partial emulation mode
press [F3] to reset the emulation

see also Default Keys

How to restart the emulation

stop the emulation (see before) and restart the emulation from the command line, or
in the MAME window press [ScrLock] to switch your keyboard in partial emulation mode
press [Shift] and [F3] to restart the emulation

see also Default Keys

How to suspend the emulation

in the MAME window press [ScrLock] to switch your keyboard in partial emulation mode
press button [P] to pause the emulation
press button [P] once again to resume the emulation
eventually delete the extra character p in the emulation
eventually press [ScrLock] to switch your keyboard back to fully emulated keyboard mode

see also Default Keys

How to ungrab the mouse

If the emulation has been started with option -mouse, the mouse will be grabbed as long as the emulation is running.

Suspend the emulation (see before) to ungrab the mouse. The mouse will be grabbed again, if the emulation is resumed (see before).

How to grab the mouse at runtime

In fullscreen mode the mouse will always be grabbed. This may be used to toggle at runtime between

window mode with ungrabbed mouse and
fullscreen mode with grabbed mouse

Start the Apollo emulation for DN3x00 with options -window -nomax -nomouse -nounevenstretch and (while MAME is running) press [Alt][Return] to toggle between both modes.

Configuration

MAME Options

The following options in mame.ini or as command line option are useful for running the Apollo emulation:

Option	mame.ini	command line
unevenstretch	0	-nounevenstretch
window	1	-window
maximize	0	-nomaximize
sound	none	-sound none
skip_gameinfo	1	-skip_gameinfo

If file mame.ini does not yet exist, run the following command to create a new mame.ini file with default configuration settings:

./mame -createconfig

refer to SDL-Specific Commandline Options

Service Mode/Normal Mode

To switch the Apollo emulation between Service Mode and Normal Mode

open the Apollo Machine Configuration menu (see below)
select and change the value of entry Service/Normal
close the menus and reset the emulation (see before)

Apollo Machine Configuration

To check or modify the Apollo Machine Configuration

start the emulation for DN3500, DN3000, DSP3500 or DSP3000
in the MAME window press [ScrLock] to switch your keyboard in partial emulation mode
press [Tab] to enter the Internal User Interface
press [Cursor Down] to select Machine Configuration and press [Return] to open the Machine Configuration menu
the Apollo Machine Configuration menu has the following entries

Entry	Description
Service/Normal	select Service mode or Normal mode
Graphics Controller	select 8-Plane Color, 4-Plane Color or 15" Monochrome graphics controller (for dn3x00 only, will be ignored for dn3x0_19i and dsp3x00)
German Keyboard	select German Apollo keyboard
30 Years Ago ...	set default date in the RTC back by 30 years to omit the Nov 2, 1997 problem of Domain/OS software releases before SR 10.4.1
25 Years Ago ...	set default date in the RTC back by 25 years to omit the Nov 2, 1997 problem of Domain/OS software releases before SR 10.4.1
Node ID from Disk	set node ID to value from the logical volume label of the first logical disk volume; without this option either the node ID from command line option -ni or the default node ID 12345 will be used

press [Cursor Down] or [Cursor Up] to select the proper menu entry
press [Cursor Right] or [Cursor Left] to select the proper value
press button [Tab] to close the menu
press button [F3] to restart the emulation using the new settings
press [ScrLock] to switch your keyboard back to in full emulation mode

Notes:

the new Machine Configuration setting won't be used unless the emulation has been reset or restarted
each system (i.e. DN3500, DN3000, DSP3500 or DSP3000) has its own Machine Configuration settings
Warning: entering character p in partial emulation mode will pause (i.e. freeze) the emulation (e.g. for "r cpu")
see also Default Keys

Dip Switches

To check or modify the Apollo Dip Switches

start the emulation for DN3500, DN3000, DSP3500 or DSP3000
in the MAME window press [ScrLock] to switch your keyboard in partial emulation mode
press [Tab] to enter the Internal User Interface
press [Cursor Down] to select Dip Switches and press [Return] to open the Dip Switches menu
the following Dip Switches should be shown:

SMS OMTI 8621 disk controller	[root:isa1:wdc]
ESDI I/O base	01A0h
Floppy I/O base	03F0h
BIOS control	Disabled
BIOS base	0C8000h

Archive Cartridge tape controller SC-499	[root:isa2:ctape]
SC499 I/O base (jumpers A3-A9)	0200h
SC499 IRQ (jumpers IRQ2-IRQ7)	IRQ 5
SC499 DMA (jumpers DRQ1-DRQ3)	DRQ 1

3COM 3C505 Ethernet Controller	[root:isa3:3c505]
3C505 I/O base (jumpers A3-A9)	0300h
3C505 IRQ	IRQ 10
3C505 DMA	DRQ 6
ROM control	Enabled
ROM base	80000h

press [Cursor Down] or [Cursor Up] to select a DIP switch
press [Cursor Right] or [Cursor Left] to change the value
press [Return] to set an entry back to the default value
press button [Tab] to close the menu
press [ScrLock] to switch your keyboard back to in full emulation mode

Notes:

The default DIP switch settings are apropriate for the Apollo emulation. Don't change them.

Keyboard Mapping

The additional special keys of the Apollo keyboard are mapped to the function keys (and some other keys) of the PC keyboard.

Function Keys

F1	F2	F3	F4		F5	F6	F7	F8		F9	F10	F11	F12
SHELL	CUT	UNDO	MOVE		INS	LINE	CHAR				SAVE	ABORT	HELP
CMD	COPY	PASTE	GROW		MARK	DEL	DEL	AGAIN		READ	EDIT	EXIT	HOLD

Set Num Lock to use the Function keys F1 - F9 and F10 = F0 without Apollo mapping.

Other Keys

PC Keyboard	Apollo Keyboard
Insert	NEXT WINDOW
Delete	POP
Right Window	NEXT WINDOW
Menu	POP

Cursor keys and Pad scroll keys have been mapped to the numeric keypad too.

How to emulate the German Apollo keyboard

The Multinational Apollo keyboard has some additional keys, a slightly modified layout and some different key labels. To emulate the German Apollo keyboard

use a German PC keyboard at your Linux system
verify that the file keymaps/km_de_LINUX.map exists (as a copy from the mame source distribution)
verify and evenutally correct the following two entries in mame.ini:

keymap      0
keymap_file keymaps/km_de_LINUX.map

in the MAME Apollo emulation set the Apollo Machine Configuration German Keyboard to ON and restart the emulation (see before)
in DM pads use the left ALT key (or Shift/ALT) to select national characters
Note: the MD and the standalone utilities expect a US keyboard (Y and Z must be swapped, other keys may have to be estimated)

Key mapping (German Keyboard):

PC Keyboard			Apollo Keyboard
Key	Shift	Alt	Key	Shift	Alt	Shift
3	§		3	@	3	@
ß	?	\	ß	?	~	?
+	*	~	+	*	+	*
Ü			ü	Ü	}	]
Ö			ö	Ö	I	\
Ä			ä	Ä	{	[
<	>	I	<	>	<	>

Note: in table read I as |

How to run Domain/OS on a small screen

The Apollo emulation expects a screen size of 1024x800 pixel (for dn3000 and dn3500) resp. 1280x1024 pixel (for dn3000_19i and dn3500_19i) plus around 100 more pixel vertical to display the keyboard mapping, LEDs and the window manager title line.

If your host PC has one of the following screen sizes

WXGA Screen (1280x800)
XGA Screen (1024x768)
SXGA Screen (1280x1024)

it may be preferable to run the emulation in full-screen mode and to select an appropriate view without keyboard mapping and LED display.

To run the emulation in fullscreen mode set option window in mame.ini to 0 or run the emulation with option -nowindow.

To select the appropriate view from the command line run MAME with option -view, e.g.

PC screen	Size	MAME command line
XGA Screen	1024x768	./mame dn3500 -nowindow -view xga ...
WXGA Screen	1280x800	./mame dn3500 -nowindow -view wxga ...
SXGA Screen	1280x1024	./mame dn3500_19i -nowindow -view sxga ...
SXGA+ Screen	1400x1050	./mame dn3500_19i -view sxga ...

To configure the appropriate view

start the emulation for dn3x00 resp. dn3x00_19i
in the MAME window press [ScrLock] to switch your keyboard in partial emulation mode
press [Tab] to enter the Internal User Interface
press [Cursor Down] to select Video Options and press [Return] to open the Video Options menu
for dn3x00 select WXGA or XGA from the options:
- Apollo (1024x800)
- WXGA Screen (1280x800)
- XGA Screen (1024x768)
for dn3x00_19i select SXGA from the options:
- Apollo 19" Monochrome
- SXGA Screen (1280x1024)
press [Return] to select the entry
press [Tab] to close the menu
press [ScrLock] to switch your keyboard back to in full emulation mode
start Domain/OS and check the display

Software Installation

How to setup the boot ROMs

The boot ROM images for the Apollo emulation reside either in the zip file roms/dn3500.zip or in the directory roms/dn3500

make directory roms/dn3500
copy the file 3c505.zip from http://bitsavers.org/bits/Apollo/firmware to roms
copy the following files from http://bitsavers.org/bits/Apollo/firmware to roms/dn3500
- 3500_BOOT_12191_7.bin
- 3000_BOOT_8475_7.bin
- 3000_3C505_010728-00.bin
- 3000_OMTI_8621_102640-B.bin
- 5500_BOOT_A1631-80046_1-30-92.bin
- 2500_BOOT_16182_8.bin
and create the zip file with

$ (cd roms/dn3500 && zip -r ../dn3500.zip *.bin)

or (if no zip file shall be used) convert the file names in roms/dn3500 to lowercase, i.e.
- 3500_boot_12191_7.bin
- 3000_boot_8475_7.bin
- 3000_3c505_010728-00.bin
- 3000_omti_8621_102640-b.bin
- 5500_boot_a1631-80046_1-30-92.bin
- 2500_boot_16182_8.bin

How to install Domain/OS SR10.4 in a new disk image file

Note: cartridge tape access is very slow (same as the real cartridge tape), be patient when executing software from cartridge tape

get the installation cartridge tape images for Domain/OS SR10.4 (e.g. from http://bitsavers.org/bits/Apollo/SR10.4)
gunzip the tape image files (if necessary)

$ ls -log /tmp/*.ct
-r--r--r-- 1 53678592 Feb 20  2005 /tmp/019593-001.CRTG_STD_SFW_BOOT_1-REV.A.ct
-r--r--r-- 1 58403328 Feb 20  2005 /tmp/019594-001.CRTG_STD_SFW_1.ct
-r--r--r-- 1 61564928 Feb 20  2005 /tmp/019594-002.CRTG_STD_SFW_2.ct
-r--r--r-- 1 56568320 Feb 20  2005 /tmp/019594-003.CRTG_STD_SFW_3.ct
-r--r--r-- 1 57844224 Feb 20  2005 /tmp/019594-004.CRTG_STD_SFW_4.ct
$

start the emulation with a non-existing disk image file and the boot tape image, e.g.

$ rm -f /tmp/dn3500_sr10.4.awd
$ ./mame dn3500 -mouse -disk1 /tmp/dn3500_sr10.4.awd -ctape /tmp/019593-001.CRTG_STD_SFW_BOOT_1-REV.A.ct

Note: the mouse will be grabbed; make sure you understand how to ungrab the mouse (see before)
open the Apollo Machine Configuration window and set option 25 Years Ago ... to On, all other options to Off and reset or restart the emulation
run invol from the boot tape image with options
- 7 - initialize physical badspot list,
- 1 - initialize virgin physical volume and
- 8 - create or modify an os paging file.

> re
> di c
> ex invol

run calendar from the boot tape image to set the timezone and check date and time on the disk image file

> re
> di c
> ex calendar

run domain_os to start the installation from the boot tape image

> re
> di c
> ex domain_os
 :
Restore complete.
Apollo Phase II Environment   Revision 10.4 RBAK version  Jan 25, 1992  12:58:22 pm

) go

enter sh to start a login shell (DSP3x00 only), login with name user and empty password and run minst

sh
login: user
Password: 
$ /install/tools/minst

MINST can be run in either of two modes; select Novice mode if unsure
select default for all other questions
select the appropriate cartridge tape image file, e.g. /tmp/019594-001.CRTG_STD_SFW_1.ct (see #How to use multiple cartridge tape images)
proceed for all 4 cartridge tape image files
MINST will ask to select a template; enter 11 (i.e. large) to install all
MINST may ask Do you wish to select Domain/OS version 10.4 or quit from minst?; confirm with s to install Domain/OS
if installation is done, enter shut in the command window to shutdown (resp. CTRL/D and then shut for DSP3500)
stop the emulation and save a copy of the new disk image file (gzipped image file will be ~70 MB)
proceed with

How to create a new disk image file

to create a new 348 MB disk image file start the emulation with a non-existing disk image file

$ rm -f /tmp/new_disk.awd
$ ./mame dn3500 -disk1 /tmp/new_disk.awd ...

to create a new 156 MB disk image file use the UNIX tool dd and start the emulation

$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/new_disk.awd bs=1056 count=147312
$ ./mame dn3500 -disk1 /tmp/new_disk.awd ...

open the Apollo Machine Configuration window and set option 25 Years Ago ... to On, all other options to Off and reset or restart the emulation

execute invol (from net, disk, ctape or floppy)
- for SR10.2 run options
  - 1 - initialize virgin physical volume (will fail, never mind),
  - 7 - initialize physical badspot list,
  - 9 - add to existing badspot list (don't add any entries),
  - 1 - initialize virgin physical volume (once again, will now succeed) and
  - 8 - create or modify an os paging file.
- for SR10.3 or SR10.4 run options
  - 7 - initialize physical badspot list,
  - 1 - initialize virgin physical volume and
  - 8 - create or modify an os paging file.

quit invol, stop the emulation, verify the size of the new disk file image and eventually save a copy (gzipped image file will be ~ 400 kB).

How to use multiple cartridge tape images

To select a different cartridge tape image while the emulation is running

if changing the cartridge tape is not requested by software, enter
- "rbak -dev ct -rewind" in Domain/OS or
- "RE" in the MD to deselect the current tape image
in the MAME window press [ScrLock] to switch your keyboard in partial emulation mode
press [Tab] to enter the Internal User Interface
select the File Manager and press Return
select ctape (ct) and press Return
select the appropriate file and press Return
close the menu

Administration

How to change the Apollo node ID

The node ID of the Apollo emulation will be be taken from the logical volume label of the first logical disk volume, if option Node ID from Disk has been set in the Apollo configuration (see before). Otherwise the node ID will be taken either from the command line option -ni or default to 12345.

To change the node ID of the Apollo emulation

the option Node ID from Disk must be set in the Apollo configuration
the node ID of the Apollo disk image must be changed

To change the node ID of the Apollo disk image

start the emulation with a copy of the disk image file
switch the Apollo emulation into Service Mode and reset or restart the emulation
press Return (in the MAME window or in the Terminal window) until the MD version and prompt (">") are shown
enter ex chuvol and wait
enter w to select the disk
enter the new node ID
confirm the value to be used as "original" node ID and wait until chuvol is done
confirm Anything more to do? with n and wait for the MD prompt to reappear
if the registry already has been created(see below), restart the emulation, start Domain/OS and fix the registry
- make sure that rgyd is not running (use ps and kill command, if neccessary)
- start rgyd with the new node ID

    $ /etc/server -p /etc/rgyd -restore_master&

- remove the old registry

    $ /etc/rgy_admin
              Default object: rgy  default host: dds:dn3500
              State: in service  master  replica list is writable
    rgy_admin: lrep -state
              dds:#0.12345    *** not communicating ****       
    (master)  dds:dn3500      state: in service        2012/04/20.09:35:38    
    rgy_admin: delrep dds:#0.12345 -force
    rgy_admin: quit

stop the emulation and eventually save a copy of the disk image file
use this disk image file to run the Apollo emulation with the chosen node ID

How to create the registry in Domain/OS

After installing Domain/OS SR10

login as user with empty password and start the local location broker (a.k.a RPC daemon)

$ touch /etc/daemons/llbd

reboot, login as user with empty password and start the global location broker (first time)

$ /etc/server /etc/ncs/glbd -create -first -family dds -listen dds &
$ touch /etc/daemons/glbd

reboot, login as user with empty password and create the registry

$ /install/tools/rgy_create 
$ touch /etc/daemons/rgyd

reboot and log-in as root with password -apollo-

Networking

How to set the network capabilities

To access the the TUN/TAP Ethernet interface of the Linux host, MAME must be either run as root (not recommended) or the network capabilities must be set for MAME.

To set the network capabilities for MAME in openSUSE Leap 15.3:

install Linux package libcap-progs and libpcap1 e.g. with
set and check the capabilities of ./mame

$ sudo setcap cap_net_raw,cap_net_admin=eip ./mame
$ sudo getcap ./mame
mame = cap_net_admin,cap_net_raw+eip

run MAME with option -log and verify that the file error.log does NOT contain the following line

... 3c505: apollo_eth_init: Operation not permitted - Ethernet access disabled

How to use the MAME Network Device

On a Linux host the MAME Network Device provides TCP/IP networking between the MAME Apollo emulation and the host PC.

To run MAME with Network Device

set the network capabilities for MAME (see before)
Get taputil.sh either from the latest MAME source distribution or from github.com

wget https://github.com/bji/libmame/blob/master/src/osd/sdl/taputil.sh
chmod 755 taputil.sh

Run taputil.sh as root with option -d to delete or option -c to create the tap/tun device

TAP=tap-mess-${UID}-0
IP_ADDR_HOST=192.168.2.99
IP_ADDR=192.168.2.30

sudo -s ./taputil.sh -d $USER
sudo -s ./taputil.sh -c $USER $IP_ADDR $IP_ADDR_HOST -

start the MAME Apollo emulation and execute Domain/OS
configure and start TCP/IP in Domain/OS (see below)

How to start TCP/IP in Domain/OS

Before proceeding see also

#How to set the network capabilities
#How to use the MAME Network Device

Note: The following assumes that linux1 is the hostname of the Linux PC where the emulation is running and linux2 is the hostname of a second Linux PC connected with Ethernet to linux1.

start the Apollo emulation and log in as user root (with password -apollo-)
check and eventually set or change the node name (e.g. to dn3500)

# /etc/lcnode
# /etc/uctnode node_12345
# /etc/ctnode dn3500 12345
# /etc/lcnode

setup to start the TCP daemons

# touch /etc/daemons/tcpd
# touch /etc/daemons/inetd 
# touch /etc/daemons/syslogd

setup /etc/hosts for your Apollo node dn3500 and the Linux PCs:

# cat /etc/hosts 
127.0.0.1       localhost
192.168.2.30    dn3500
192.168.2.99    linux1
192.168.2.25    linux2

add the Linux PCs to ~/.rhosts (substitute user ost with your Linux user name):

# echo "linux1 root" >>.rhosts
# echo "linux2 root" >>.rhosts
# echo "linux1 ost" >>.rhosts
# echo "linux2 ost" >>.rhosts
# chown root .rhosts
# chmod 600 .rhosts

check that pseudo ttys exit; if not create them:

# ls -l /dev/ttyp*
# /etc/mkdev /dev pty

add some pseudo ttys to /etc/ttys

# echo "ttyp0 none dumb off secure" >> /etc/ttys 
# echo "ttyp1 none dumb off secure" >> /etc/ttys

reboot Domain/OS, log-in as user (with password -apollo-) and check networking

$ netstat -i
$ netstat -a
$ /etc/ping linux1 100 5

at the Linux PCs
- login as user root
- eventually install package rsh
- enter the commands (with password -apollo-)

$ ping 192.168.2.30
$ rlogin 192.168.2.30 -l root
$ rcp /etc/hosts root@192.168.2.30:/tmp/hosts_from_linux
$ rsh 192.168.2.30 -l root ls -l /tmp/hosts_from_linux

How to setup Apollo Domain Networking

The MAME Apollo emulation may be setup to provide full Apollo Domain services to all Apollo nodes connected to the Ethernet interface eth0 of the MAME host PC.

Get taputil.sh either from the latest MAME source distribution or from github.com

wget https://github.com/bji/libmame/blob/master/src/osd/sdl/taputil.sh
chmod 755 taputil.sh

Append the following lines at the end of taputil.sh

# disable ip-forward and proxy_arp
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/proxy_arp

# duplicate $(TAP) traffic at eth0 and vice versa (i.e. bridge)
socat INTERFACE:$(TAP) INTERFACE:eth0 &

Install the Linux package socat

Run taputil.sh as root with option -d to delete or option -c to create the tap/tun device

TAP=tap-mess-${UID}-0
IP_ADDR_HOST=192.168.2.99
IP_ADDR=192.168.2.30

sudo -s ./taputil.sh -d $USER
sudo -s ./taputil.sh -c $USER $IP_ADDR $IP_ADDR_HOST -

Connect the Ethernet cable from the Apollo workstation(s) to the Ethernet connector of the MAME host PC, set the network capabilities (see before), start the MAME Apollo emulation and verify the Domain Networking operation with the lcnode command:

$ /com/lcnode
 
The node ID of this node is 12345.
1 other node responded.
 
Node ID      Boot time           Current time         Entry Directory

12345   1993/05/12 16:25:08   1993/05/12 16:30:34  //dn3500
1AEA5   1993/05/12 16:21:10   1993/05/12 16:30:33  *** node not catalogued ***

$ /com/ctnode -update
$ /com/lvolfs 1AEA5

  # free   # total   % free         node ID  entry directory
   80752    329388       25           1AEA5   //zorro
$

Notes:

a second Linux PC running the MAME Apollo emulation (with a different node ID) maybe used instead of a real Apollo workstation to create a Domain network.
an HP Apollo 9000 Series 400 running Domain/OS may be used instead of (resp. additional to) Apollo workstations

Creating Image Files on a real Apollo

How to create a floppy disk image

On a DN3x00 with a floppy disk drive (and ethernet controller):

invol floppy (and run calendar)
mount floppy (mtvol f)
add files and directories as needed
unmount floppy (dmtvol f)
copy floppy to a disk image file (e.g. /tmp/floppy.afd) with:

$ /bin/cp /dev/dsk/F0d0s1 /tmp/floppy.afd

copy the disk image file (i.e. /tmp/floppy.afd) with rcp to your Linux system

Notes:

suffix .afd is suggested (for Apollo Floppy Disk)
/systest/ssr_util/cpflp should work as well, but has not been tested.
the following command can be used to create a new floppy disk image file on a Unix system:

$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/floppy.afd ibs=16384 count=77

How to create a cartridge tape image

On an Apollo DN3x00 with a cartridge tape drive

read file /systest/ssr_util/cptape.hlp
insert your (write-protected!) cartridge into the cartridge tape drive
make sure that you have 60 MB free space
enter the following command to create a tape image file (e.g. in /tmp/tape.act)

$ /systest/ssr_util/cptape -r /tmp/tape.act

copy the tape image file to your Linux system and run MAME with option -ct /tmp/tape.act

To create a cartridge tape image using the MAME Apollo emulator, start the emulator with a non-existing tape image file, e.g.

$ ./mame dn3500 -disk1 <pathname>.awd -ct /tmp/new_tape.act

boot Domain/OS, login as root and run the following commands to save e.g. /sau7 into the tape image file

# cpboot /sys -dev ct
# wbak -dev ct -f 1 -sysboot /sau7
# rbak -dev ct -f 1 -index -all

shutdown Domain/OS and save a copy of the cartridge tape image file

Notes:

suffix .act is suggested (for Apollo Cartridge Tape)
For older cartridges the tension belt inside the cartridge tends to break or start slipping nowadays - hopefully your cartridge tapes are still readable.

Categorie:Year_1988

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Driver:Apollo

Running the Emulation

How to run the Apollo emulation

How to run config

How to run calendar

How to run salvol

How to run dex

How to run Domain/OS in the DN3x00 emulation

How to run Domain/OS in the DSP3x00 emulation

MAME Basics

How to stop the emulation

How to reset the emulation

How to restart the emulation

How to suspend the emulation

How to ungrab the mouse

How to grab the mouse at runtime

Configuration

MAME Options

Service Mode/Normal Mode

Apollo Machine Configuration

Dip Switches

Keyboard Mapping

Function Keys

Other Keys

How to emulate the German Apollo keyboard

How to run Domain/OS on a small screen

Software Installation

How to setup the boot ROMs

How to install Domain/OS SR10.4 in a new disk image file

How to create a new disk image file

How to use multiple cartridge tape images

Administration

How to change the Apollo node ID

How to create the registry in Domain/OS

Networking

How to set the network capabilities

How to use the MAME Network Device

How to start TCP/IP in Domain/OS

How to setup Apollo Domain Networking

Creating Image Files on a real Apollo

How to create a floppy disk image

How to create a cartridge tape image

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